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Loss of cohesion between sister chromatids triggers their segregation during anaphase. Recent work has identified both a cohesin complex that holds sisters together and a sister-separating protein, separin, that destroys cohesion. Separins are bound by inhibitory proteins whose proteolysis at the metaphase-anaphase transition is mediated by the anaphase-promoting complex and its activator protein CDC20 (APCCDC20). When chromosomes are misaligned, a surveillance mechanism (checkpoint) blocks sister separation by inhibiting APCCDC20. Defects in this apparatus are implicated in causing aneuploidy in human cells.

Type

Journal article

Journal

Trends Biochem Sci

Publication Date

03/1999

Volume

24

Pages

98 - 104

Keywords

Anaphase, Anaphase-Promoting Complex-Cyclosome, Animals, Cell Cycle Proteins, Chromatids, Humans, Ligases, Meiosis, Metaphase, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase Complexes, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases