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Adrenaline is a powerful stimulus of glucagon secretion. It acts by activation of β-adrenergic receptors, but the downstream mechanisms have only been partially elucidated. Here, we have examined the effects of adrenaline in mouse and human α-cells by a combination of electrophysiology, imaging of Ca2+ and PKA activity, and hormone release measurements. We found that stimulation of glucagon secretion correlated with a PKA- and EPAC2-dependent (inhibited by PKI and ESI-05, respectively) elevation of [Ca2+]i in α-cells, which occurred without stimulation of electrical activity and persisted in the absence of extracellular Ca2+ but was sensitive to ryanodine, bafilomycin, and thapsigargin. Adrenaline also increased [Ca2+]i in α-cells in human islets. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of the Tpc2 channel (that mediates Ca2+ release from acidic intracellular stores) abolished the stimulatory effect of adrenaline on glucagon secretion and reduced the elevation of [Ca2+]i Furthermore, in Tpc2-deficient islets, ryanodine exerted no additive inhibitory effect. These data suggest that β-adrenergic stimulation of glucagon secretion is controlled by a hierarchy of [Ca2+]i signaling in the α-cell that is initiated by cAMP-induced Tpc2-dependent Ca2+ release from the acidic stores and further amplified by Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release from the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum.

Original publication

DOI

10.2337/db17-1102

Type

Journal article

Journal

Diabetes

Publication Date

06/2018

Volume

67

Pages

1128 - 1139

Keywords

Adrenergic Neurons, Animals, Animals, Outbred Strains, Calcium Channels, Calcium Signaling, Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Enzyme Inhibitors, Epinephrine, Glucagon, Glucagon-Secreting Cells, Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors, Humans, Membrane Transport Modulators, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Knockout, Pancreas, Patch-Clamp Techniques, Sarcoplasmic Reticulum, Tissue Culture Techniques, Up-Regulation