The evolutionary epidemiology of the hepatitis C virus

© Cambridge University Press 2015. Advances in gene sequence analysis and phylogenetics over the last few decades have given rise to an impressive array of methods for inferring evolutionary history and processes. Statistical approaches that employ phylogenetic, molecular clock and population genetic models have all contributed to the measurement and understanding of the genetic diversity of a wide variety of micro-organisms, including many important human pathogens. Owing to several specific biological and epidemiological characteristics, studies of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) have benefited greatly from these advances. In this chapter we review the evolutionary epidemiology of HCV with particular regard to methods of evolutionary analysis that have most significantly contributed to our understanding of this infection and the diseases it causes.