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Autoimmune encephalitis is an inflammatory disorder characterized by a subacute impairment of short-term memory, psychiatric features and seizures. It is often associated with a variety of other neurological symptoms, and its differential diagnosis is wide, leading to challenges in its recognition. It used to be regarded as a rare disease, usually paraneoplastic and with poor prognosis. However, with the recent recognition of membrane-surface directed antibodies, it is now known that in a substantial proportion of cases there is no association with any malignancy and there is a good prognosis if treated. Hence, early recognition and prompt initiation of immunotherapies are of great importance.

Original publication

DOI

10.1590/s0004-282x2012001000012

Type

Journal article

Journal

Arq Neuropsiquiatr

Publication Date

10/2012

Volume

70

Pages

817 - 822

Keywords

Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System, Diagnosis, Differential, Humans, Immunotherapy, Limbic Encephalitis, Prognosis