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Hybridization in natural populations is strongly selected against when hybrid offspring have reduced fitness. Here we show that, paradoxically, pairing with another species may offer the best fitness return for an individual, despite reduced fitness of hybrid offspring. Two mechanisms reduce the costs to female collared flycatchers of pairing with male pied flycatchers. A large proportion of young are sired by conspecific male collared flycatchers through extra-pair copulations, and there is a bias in favour of male offspring (which, unlike females, are fertile) within hybrid pairs. In combination with temporal variation in breeding success, these cost-reducing mechanisms yield quantitative predictions about when female collared flycatchers should accept a male pied flycatcher as a mate; empirical data agree with these predictions. Apparent hybridization may thus represent adaptive mate choice under some circumstances.

Original publication

DOI

10.1038/35075000

Type

Journal article

Journal

Nature

Publication Date

03/05/2001

Volume

411

Pages

45 - 50

Keywords

Adaptation, Physiological, Animals, Female, Hybridization, Genetic, Male, Reproduction, Sexual Behavior, Animal, Songbirds, Species Specificity