A Micro-Longitudinal Study of Naps, Sleep Disturbance, and Headache Severity in Women with Chronic Migraine
Ong JC., Dawson SC., Taylor HL., Park M., Burgess HJ., Crawford MR., Rains JC., Smitherman TA., Espie CA., Jones AL., Wyatt JK.
Objective: To examine the relationship between headaches, naps, and nocturnal sleep in women with chronic migraine (CM) using micro-longitudinal data from diaries and actigraphy. Methods: 20 women with CM and 20 age and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) completed self-report questionnaires, electronic diaries, and wrist actigraphy over a 4-week period. Between-group comparisons were conducted with naps (frequency and duration) as the primary variable of interest. Within-group analyses were conducted on the CM group using hierarchical linear mixed models to examine the temporal relationships between headache severity, sleep behaviors, and sleep parameters. The primary variables of interest were naps (number and duration) and nocturnal sleep efficiency (diary and actigraphy). Results: The CM group reported significantly more days with naps (25.85%) compared to the HC group (9.03%) during the study period (p = .0025). Within-group analyses in CM revealed that greater headache severity was associated with longer nap duration (p = .0037) and longer nap duration was associated with lower sleep efficiency measured using diaries (p = .0014) and actigraphy (p