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Retinal gene therapy is increasingly recognized as a novel molecular intervention that has huge potential in treating common causes of blindness, the majority of which have a genetic aetiology1-5. Choroideremia is a chronic X-linked retinal degeneration that was first described in 18726. It leads to progressive blindness due to deficiency of Rab-escort protein 1 (REP1). We designed an adeno-associated viral vector to express REP1 and assessed it in a gene therapy clinical trial by subretinal injection in 14 patients with choroideremia. The primary endpoint was vision change in treated eyes 2 years after surgery compared to unoperated fellow eyes. Despite complications in two patients, visual acuity improved in the 14 treated eyes over controls (median 4.5 letter gain, versus 1.5 letter loss, P = 0.04), with 6 treated eyes gaining more than one line of vision (>5 letters). The results suggest that retinal gene therapy can sustain and improve visual acuity in a cohort of predominantly late-stage choroideremia patients in whom rapid visual acuity loss would ordinarily be predicted.

Original publication

DOI

10.1038/s41591-018-0185-5

Type

Journal article

Journal

Nat Med

Publication Date

10/2018

Volume

24

Pages

1507 - 1512

Keywords

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Adult, Aged, Choroideremia, Dependovirus, Genetic Therapy, Genetic Vectors, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Retina, Retinal Degeneration, Vision, Ocular, Visual Acuity