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Macrodomains are conserved protein interaction modules that can be found in all domains of life including in certain viruses. Macrodomains mediate recognition of sequence motifs harboring adenosine diphosphate ribose (ADPR) modifications, thereby regulating a variety of cellular processes. Due to their role in cancer or viral pathogenesis, macrodomains have emerged as potential therapeutic targets, but the unavailability of small molecule inhibitors has hampered target validation studies so far. Here, we describe an efficient screening strategy for identification of small molecule inhibitors that displace ADPR from macrodomains. We report the discovery and characterization of a macrodomain inhibitor, GeA-69, selectively targeting macrodomain 2 (MD2) of PARP14 with low micromolar affinity. Co-crystallization of a GeA-69 analogue with PARP14 MD2 revealed an allosteric binding mechanism explaining its selectivity over other human macrodomains. We show that GeA-69 engages PARP14 MD2 in intact cells and prevents its localization to sites of DNA damage.

Original publication

DOI

10.1021/acschembio.7b00445

Type

Journal article

Journal

ACS Chem Biol

Publication Date

17/11/2017

Volume

12

Pages

2866 - 2874

Keywords

Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose, Allosteric Regulation, Cell Line, DNA Damage, Humans, Molecular Docking Simulation, Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors, Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases, Protein Domains, Small Molecule Libraries