Intentional injuries in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 1990–2015: findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2015 study
Mokdad AH., Moradi-Lakeh M., Charara R., El Bcheraoui C., Khalil I., Afshin A., Kassebaum NJ., Collison M., Chew A., Krohn KJ., Daoud F., Colombara D., Graetz N., Kutz M., Wang H., Abd-Allah F., Abu-Raddad LJ., Ahmad Kiadaliri A., Beshir Ahmed M., Alam K., Alghnam S., Alizadeh-Navaei R., Al-Raddadi R., Altirkawi KA., Anber N., Anwari P., Avila-Burgos L., Awasthi A., Barac A., Barker-Collo SL., Bedi N., Bhutta ZA., Borschmann R., Boufous S., Butt ZA., Castañeda-Orjuela CA., Dalal K., Danawi H., De Leo D., Dharmaratne SD., Djalalinia S., Doyle KE., Esteghamati A., Faro A., Farvid MS., Fereshtehnejad SM., Fischer F., Tewelde Gebrehiwot T., Gutiérrez RA., Hafezi-Nejad N., Ribhi Hamadeh R., Hamidi S., Maria Haro J., Hendrie D., Hu G., Jonas JB., Kasaeian A., Njenga Keiyoro P., Saleh Khader Y., Ahmad Khan E., Khubchandani J., Kopec JA., Larson HJ., Abdul Latif A., Tesema Leshargie C., Lunevicius R., Magdy Abd El Razek M., Majeed A., Malekzadeh R., Memish ZA., Meretoja TJ., Miller TR., Mohammed S., Makhlouf Obermeyer C., Akpojene Ogbo F., Robert Phillips M., Pourmalek F., Qorbani M., Radfar A., Rafay A., Rahimi-Movaghar A.
© 2017, The Author(s). Objectives: We used GBD 2015 findings to measure the burden of intentional injuries in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) between 1990 and 2015. Methods: The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study defines intentional injuries as a combination of self-harm (including suicide), interpersonal violence, collective violence (war), and legal intervention. We estimated number of deaths, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for each type of intentional injuries. Results: In 2015, 28,695 individuals (95% UI: 25,474–37,832) died from self-harm, 35,626 (95% UI: 20,947–41,857) from interpersonal violence, and 143,858 (95% UI: 63,554–223,092) from collective violence and legal interventions. In 2015, collective violence and legal intervention was the fifth-leading cause of DALYs in the EMR and the leading cause in Syria, Yemen, Iraq, Afghanistan, and Libya; they account for 49.7% of total DALYs in Syria. Conclusions: Our findings call for increased efforts to stabilize the region and assist in rebuilding the health systems, as well as increasing transparency and employing preventive strategies to reduce self-harm and interpersonal injuries.