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OBJECTIVE: To examine differences in somatosensory phenotypes of patients with positive and negative neurodynamic tests and compare these with healthy participants. DESIGN: Case-control study. SETTING: University department. PARTICIPANTS: Patients with electrodiagnostically confirmed carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) (n=53) and people without CTS (n=26) participated in this study (N=79). Patients with CTS were subgrouped according to the results of the upper limb neurodynamic tests biasing the median nerve into patients with positive or negative neurodynamic tests. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: All participants underwent quantitative sensory testing in the median innervated territory of their hand. RESULTS: Only 46% of patients with CTS had positive neurodynamic tests. No differences were identified between groups for pain thresholds (P>.247). However, patients with CTS had increased mechanical (P<.0001) and thermal detection thresholds (P<.0001) compared with people without CTS. Patients with negative neurodynamic tests had a more pronounced vibration detection deficit (mean, 7.43±0.59) than people without CTS (mean, 7.89±0.22; P=.001). Interestingly, warm detection was the only domain differentiating positive (mean, 4.03°C±2.18°C) and negative neurodynamic test groups (6.09°C±3.70°C, P=.032), with patients with negative neurodynamic tests demonstrating increased loss of function. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with negative neurodynamic tests seem to have a more severe dysfunction of the unmyelinated fiber population. Our findings suggest that neurodynamic tests should not be used in isolation to judge neural involvement. Rather, they should be interpreted in the context of loss of function tests of the small fiber domain.

Original publication

DOI

10.1016/j.apmr.2016.06.019

Type

Journal article

Journal

Arch Phys Med Rehabil

Publication Date

03/2017

Volume

98

Pages

480 - 486

Keywords

Carpal tunnel syndrome, Diagnosis, Nerve compression syndromes, Neurologic examination, Peripheral nerve injuries, Rehabilitation, Adult, Aged, Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, Case-Control Studies, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Median Nerve, Middle Aged, Nerve Compression Syndromes, Neurologic Examination, Physical Therapy Modalities