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Geleophysic (GD) and acromicric dysplasia (AD) belong to the acromelic dysplasia group and are both characterized by severe short stature, short extremities, and stiff joints. Although AD has an unknown molecular basis, we have previously identified ADAMTSL2 mutations in a subset of GD patients. After exome sequencing in GD and AD cases, we selected fibrillin 1 (FBN1) as a candidate gene, even though mutations in this gene have been described in Marfan syndrome, which is characterized by tall stature and arachnodactyly. We identified 16 heterozygous FBN1 mutations that are all located in exons 41 and 42 and encode TGFβ-binding protein-like domain 5 (TB5) of FBN1 in 29 GD and AD cases. Microfibrillar network disorganization and enhanced TGFβ signaling were consistent features in GD and AD fibroblasts. Importantly, a direct interaction between ADAMTSL2 and FBN1 was demonstrated, suggesting a disruption of this interaction as the underlying mechanism of GD and AD phenotypes. Although enhanced TGFβ signaling caused by FBN1 mutations can trigger either Marfan syndrome or GD and AD, our findings support the fact that TB5 mutations in FBN1 are responsible for short stature phenotypes.

Original publication

DOI

10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.05.012

Type

Journal article

Journal

Am J Hum Genet

Publication Date

15/07/2011

Volume

89

Pages

7 - 14

Keywords

Adolescent, Adult, Bone Diseases, Developmental, Child, Child, Preschool, Connective Tissue, DNA Mutational Analysis, Dwarfism, Exons, Extracellular Matrix Proteins, Eye Abnormalities, Fibrillin-1, Fibrillins, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Heterozygote, Humans, Inclusion Bodies, Limb Deformities, Congenital, Marfan Syndrome, Microfibrils, Microfilament Proteins, Middle Aged, Mutation, Phenotype, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Signal Transduction, Transforming Growth Factor beta1, Young Adult