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B7-1 and B7-2 are generally thought to have comparable structures and affinities for their receptors, CD28 and CTLA-4, each of which is assumed to be bivalent. We show instead (1) that B7-2 binds the two receptors more weakly than B7-1, (2) that, relative to its CTLA-4 binding affinity, B7-2 binds CD28 2- to 3-fold more effectively than B7-1, (3) that, unlike B7-1, B7-2 does not self-associate, and (4) that, in contrast to CTLA-4 homodimers, which are bivalent, CD28 homodimers are monovalent. Our results indicate that B7-1 markedly favors CTLA-4 over CD28 engagement, whereas B7-2 exhibits much less bias. We propose that the distinct structures and binding properties of B7-1 and B7-2 account for their overlapping but distinct effects on T cell responses.

Type

Journal article

Journal

Immunity

Publication Date

08/2002

Volume

17

Pages

201 - 210

Keywords

Abatacept, Animals, Antigens, CD, Antigens, Differentiation, B7-1 Antigen, B7-2 Antigen, CD28 Antigens, CHO Cells, CTLA-4 Antigen, Cricetinae, Immunoconjugates, Kinetics, Membrane Glycoproteins, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Recombinant Fusion Proteins, Solutions