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The human complement regulator CD55 is a key molecule protecting self-cells from complement-mediated lysis. X-ray diffraction and analytical ultracentrifugation data reveal a rod-like arrangement of four short consensus repeat (SCR) domains in both the crystal and solution. The stalk linking the four SCR domains to the glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor is extended by the addition of 11 highly charged O-glycans and positions the domains an estimated 177 A above the membrane. Mutation mapping and hydrophobic potential analysis suggest that the interaction with the convertase, and thus complement regulation, depends on the burial of a hydrophobic patch centered on the linker between SCR domains 2 and 3.

Original publication

DOI

10.1073/pnas.0307200101

Type

Journal article

Journal

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Publication Date

03/02/2004

Volume

101

Pages

1279 - 1284

Keywords

CD55 Antigens, Complement System Proteins, Crystallization, Glycosylation, Humans, Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions, Models, Molecular, Repetitive Sequences, Amino Acid, Solutions, von Willebrand Factor