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CD47 is a broadly expressed membrane protein that interacts with the myeloid inhibitory immunoreceptor SIRPα (also termed CD172a or SHPS-1). SIRPα is the prototypic member of the SIRP paired receptor family of closely related SIRP proteins. Engagement of SIRPα by CD47 provides a downregulatory signal that inhibits host cell phagocytosis, and CD47 therefore functions as a "don't-eat-me" signal. Here, we discuss recent structural analysis of CD47-SIRPα interactions and implications of this for the function and evolution of SIRPα and paired receptors in general. Furthermore, we review the proposed roles of CD47-SIRPα interactions in phagocytosis, (auto)immunity, and host defense, as well as its potential significance as a therapeutic target in cancer and inflammation and for improving graft survival in xenotransplantation.

Original publication

DOI

10.1146/annurev-immunol-032713-120142

Type

Journal article

Journal

Annu Rev Immunol

Publication Date

2014

Volume

32

Pages

25 - 50

Keywords

Animals, Antigens, Differentiation, Autoimmune Diseases, CD47 Antigen, Dendritic Cells, Hematologic Diseases, Humans, Immunological Synapses, Molecular Targeted Therapy, Multigene Family, Neoplasms, Phagocytosis, Protein Binding, Receptors, Immunologic, Signal Transduction, T-Lymphocytes